ger-2

    ger-2

    English meaning: to scream (in expr. forms)

    Deutsche Übersetzung: in Schallworten, especially for “heiser schreien”

    Material: A. O.Ind. járatē “ it rushes, sounds, crackles, shouts “, jarü “ the rustling, murmuring “ (or to *ĝü̆r- or *gʷer-); perhaps gargara-h “ a music instrument “ (yet see also *gal-); Alb. ngurónj “howl” (from wind); [actually hunguronj “howl”] O.N. kǣ ra, kǣ rða “ bring forward a matter, lodge a complaint, make a complaint to the proper authorities, accuse “ (derived from a lengthened gradeen i-stem *gēri-); with consonant increase O.H.G. carron “ squeak, screech, clash, jangle, squeal, grate, jar, resound, rattle, creak “ (schw. V.), cherran (st. V.) “cry, creak”, M.L.G. kerren, karren “creak”, O.E. ceorran “creak” (ceorung “ lament, grumble, growl, complain, repine, snarl “), Nor. karra “ coo, gaggle, cackle, chitchat, talk, snicker “, O.N. kurra “ growl, murmur”, kurr “murmur, rumor”; Lith. gùrti “ shrill, shriek, scream “; B. Here the name of crane: 1. Lith. géršė “ crane, heron “; after Risch (briefl.) contaminated from gérvė and génšė; 2. With formants -en-, to part with -u- and -g- extended: Arm. krunk “ crane “ (*geru-n-g-); compare under O.H.G. kranuh; Maybe truncated Alb. (*kranuh) krahu “wing, arm” Gk. γέρην γέρανος Hes., γέρανος m. “ crane “ and “ crane for lifting weights, esp. used in the theatre, quern, a fish “; Gaul. tarvos trigaranos (Inschr. about a bull with three plumes on the back); Welsh Corn. Bret. garan (*gerenos) “ crane “; O.H.G. kranuh (-ih), O.E. cranoc, cornuc, M.L.G. kranek m. (*grǝnug-); O.E. cran, asächs. krano, M.H.G. krane, Ger. Krahn (*grǝnon-) m.; in addition O.Ice. trani “ crane “ (with t- instead of k- after trami “ evil spirit, demon, evil supernatural being; devil “); Lith. garnỹs m. “ heron, stork “ (*gor-n-i̯os); Ltv. gürns m. “ heron “. 3. With formants -ōu- : -ū-: Lat. grūs, gen. gruis f. (later also m.) “a crane”, therefrom gruere “of crane’s call”; Ger. Westfäl. krūne “ crane “; see under O.H.G. kron; Lith. gérvė, Ltv. dzer̃ve, O.Pruss. gerwe f. “ crane “ (*gerǝu̯ i̯ ü); R.C.S. žeravь m. (*gerōu̯ i̯ os), Ser.-Cr. žȅ râ v, wRuss. žó rou̯ (gen. žó rau̯ la); besides Ser.- Cr. ždrâ lj (from *žьravlь) and Russ. žurá vlь (gen. žuravljá ). C. from the same ōu-: ǝu-: ū -extension also O.H.G. krōn “ chatty, loquacious, talkative, garrulous, gossipy, prattling, logorrheic”, N.Ger. krӧ̄len (*krauljan) “loud cry”, Du. kruilen “ coo “, krollen “ cry like cats “, M.L.G. krūschen “ screech, shriek, scream, squawk, cackle, croak, yell “. With i-extension redupl. Lat. gingrīre “ cackle, esp. from to geese “; perhaps (?) here Gk. γίγγρᾱς, γίγγρος m. “ Phoenician flute” etc.; M.Ir. grith, Welsh gryd “ scream “ (*gri-tu-s), M.Ir. grinnigud “ creaking of the arrow “ (*gri-n-d-); Maybe Alb. (*gri-n-d-) grindem “ scream, quarrel” M.H.G. krīschen “ screech, shriek, scream, squawk, cackle, croak, yell “, M.L.G. krīten “cry, howl”, M.H.G. krīen ‘sharp cry”, Ger. kreißen , M.H.G. krīsten, Ger. kreisten. D. grü- in WestGmc. N.. *krü- (with ō not changed to old ü through recent imitation of the of a- a colored raven’s croaking): O.H.G. krüen, Ger. krähen, M.L.G. kreien, O.E. crüwan ds., O.H.G. hanacrüt “ cock crow, call of a rooster; dawn, time of morning when roosters crow “, O.H.G. krü(w)a, krüia, Ger. Krähe, O.S. krüia, O.E. crüwe ds., Lith. grioju, R.C.S. grajǫ, grajati “ croak, caw “. With guttural extension: O.N. krüka “crow”, krükr “raven”, O.E. *crücian, cracettan “ croak, caw (of raven)”, Ger. krächzen ; Gmc. -k- from IE -g because of Ir. grüg “ croaking “ (*grüggo-); M.L.G. krakelen “ chatter, prattle, jabber; talk rapidly; talk nonsense “. With IE k-: Lat. grüculus “jackdaw”, gracillō, -üre “ gaggle, cackle, chitchat, talk, snicker (from chicken)”; O.H.G. kragil, M.H.G. kregel “ gabby, gossipy, loquacious, garrulous, blithering “, O.H.G. kragilōn “ babble, chatter “, M.H.G. kragelen, kregeln “ gaggle, cackle, chitchat, talk, snicker “; R.C.S. graču, grakati “ croak, caw “, grъkati “ coo (from the dove)”. E. With formant -g-, and from other hearing impressions: O.Ind. garjati “ rages, roars, hums, bellows”; Arm. karkač “din, fuss, noise”; O.E. cracian, cearcian “ ring out; sound “, O.H.G. krühhon “crack, creak”; Lith. gìrgždžiu, girgžde ́ ti “creak”. In addition perhaps Russ. gróchot “din, fuss, noise, crash, blast, loud laughter “ under likewise as new onomatopoeic words.

    References: WP. I 591 ff., WH. I 583, 601 f., 615, 624, Specht Decl. 48, Trautmann 87, 94.